U kaalay faham birta xawaaraha sare leh
Birta xawaarihiisu sareeyo (HSS) waa bir qallafsan oo aad u adag, iska caabin badan iyo kulayl badan, sidoo kale loo yaqaan birta dabaysha ama birta hore, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in ay adkaan karto xitaa marka hawada lagu qaboojiyo xilliga deminta, iyo aad bay u af badan tahay.Waxa kale oo loo yaqaan birta cad.
Qalabka Xinfa CNC waxay leeyihiin sifooyinka tayada wanaagsan iyo qiimaha hooseeya.Faahfaahinta, fadlan booqo: https://www.xinfatools.com/hss-tap/
Bir-xawaaraha sare waa bir daawaha leh oo isku dhafan, kana kooban walxo samaysa carbide sida tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, iyo cobalt.Tirada guud ee walxaha alloying waa qiyaastii 10-25%.Waxay weli sii wadi kartaa adkaanta sare iyada oo la raacayo xaaladda kulaylka sare ee ay dhaliso goynta xawaaraha sare leh (qiyaastii 500 ℃), HRC-deeduna waxay ka sarrayn kartaa 60. Tani waa dabeecadda ugu muhiimsan ee birta xawaaraha sare leh - adagaanta cas.Daminta iyo kulaylka hooseeya ka dib, qalabka birta ee kaarboonku wuxuu leeyahay engegnaantiisa sare ee heerkulka qolka, laakiin marka heerkulku ka sarreeyo 200 ° C, adayggu aad buu hoos ugu dhacayaa, adaygguna wuxuu hoos ugu dhacay heer la mid ah kan gobolka la daboolay ee 500°C., Si buuxda u lumay awoodda lagu gooyo birta, taas oo xaddidaysa isticmaalka qalabka kaarboonka ee qalabka wax lagu gooyo.Birta xawaaraheeda sare leh waxay ka dhigtaa cilladaha dilaaga ah ee birta qalabka kaarboonka sababtoo ah engegnaanteeda cas ee wanaagsan.
Birta xawaaraha sare leh waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro biraha dhuuban ee adag iyo qalabka wax lagu gooyo ee birta u adkaysta, iyo sidoo kale xajmiyada heerkulka sare iyo bakhtiinta qabowga, sida qalabka rogid, biraha laydhka, hobsiyada, garbaha mashiinka, iyo caaryada dalbanaya.
▌ Aynu wax ka baranno birta tungsten
Birta tungsten (carbide tungsten) waxay leedahay sifooyin tayo sare leh oo taxane ah sida qallafsanaanta sare, xidhashada caabbinta, xoogga wanaagsan iyo adkaanta, caabbinta kulaylka iyo iska caabinta daxalka, gaar ahaan adayga sare iyo xidhashada caabbinta, xitaa heerkul ah 500 ° C. Asal ahaan isma beddelin, welina waxa ay leedahay adayg sare oo ah 1000 °C.
Birta Tungsten, qaybaha ugu muhiimsan waa tungsten carbide iyo cobalt, oo ka kooban 99% dhammaan qaybaha, 1% waa biraha kale, sidaas darteed waxaa loo yaqaannaa birta tungsten, sidoo kale loo yaqaan karbide sibidhka, waxaana lagu tiriyaa inay tahay iliga casriga ah. warshadaha.
Birta Tungsten waa walxo isku dhafan oo sinteed ah oo ka kooban ugu yaraan hal carbide bir ah.Carbide Tungsten, carbide cobalt, niobium carbide, carbide titanium, iyo carbide tantalum waa qaybaha caadiga ah ee birta tungsten.Cabbirka hadhuudhka ee qayb ka mid ah carbide (ama wejiga) inta badan waa inta u dhaxaysa 0.2-10 microns, iyo miraha carbide waxaa la isku hayaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo binder ah.Biraha binder guud ahaan waa bir kooxeed bir ah, sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo waa cobalt iyo nikkel.Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira tungsten-cobalt alloys, tungsten-nickel alloys iyo tungsten-titanium-cobalt alloys.
Isku-darka birta tungsten waa in budada lagu cadaadiyo billet, ka dibna ku diiri foornada qallafsan ilaa heerkul gaar ah (heerkulka), ku hayso wakhti go'an (waqti haynta), ka dibna qabooji si aad u hesho Qalabka birta tungsten oo leh sifooyinka loo baahan yahay.
① Tungsten-cobalt carbide sibidhka ah
Qaybaha ugu muhiimsan waa tungsten carbide (WC) iyo cobalt binder (Co).Heerkeedu wuxuu ka kooban yahay "YG" (furaha Shiinaha ee pinyin ee "hard, cobalt") iyo boqolkiiba celceliska waxa ku jira cobalt.Tusaale ahaan, YG8 waxay ka dhigan tahay in celceliska WCo=8%, inta soo hartayna ay tahay tungsten-cobalt carbide sibidh ah oo tungsten carbide ah.
②Tungsten-titanium-cobalt carbide sibidhka ah
Qaybaha ugu muhiimsan waa tungsten carbide, titanium carbide (TiC) iyo cobalt.Heerkeedu wuxuu ka kooban yahay "YT" (furaha Shiinaha ee pinyin ee "hard, titanium") iyo celceliska nuxurka carbide titanium.Tusaale ahaan, YT15 waxay ka dhigan tahay in celceliska TiC=15%, inta soo hartayna ay tahay tungsten carbide iyo kobalt-ku-saleysan tungsten-titanium-cobalt carbide cemented.
③Tungsten-titanium-tantalum (niobium) -carbiid sibidhka ku salaysan
Qaybaha ugu muhiimsan waa carbide tungsten, carbide titanium, carbide tantalum (ama niobium carbide) iyo cobalt.Noocan carbide sibidhka ah waxa kale oo loo yaqaan karbidhida sibidhka guud ama kaarbiide sibidhka caalamiga ah.Darajadeedu waxa ay ka kooban tahay "YW" (furaha Shiinaha ee pinyin ee "hard" iyo "wan") oo lagu daray lambar taxane ah, sida YW1.
Birta Tungsten waxay leedahay sifooyin aad u wanaagsan oo taxane ah sida qallafsanaanta sare, xirashada caabbinta, xoogga wanaagsan iyo adkaanta, caabbinta kulaylka iyo iska caabinta daxalka, gaar ahaan adaygeeda sare iyo iska caabinta, taas oo asal ahaan aan isbeddelin xitaa heerkulka 500 ° C.Waxay weli leedahay engegnaanta sare ee 1000 ° C.Carbiid sibidhka ah ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa walxo ahaan, sida qalabka wax lagu roggo, mishiinnada wax lagu shiido, laylisyada, aaladaha caajiska ah, iwm. Xawaaraha jarista karbidhida sibidhka cusub waa boqollaal jeer ka birta kaarboonka.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-09-2023
